Abstract
The differentiation of avian gonads occurred since the embryonic stage, resulted in asymmetric morphology. This study aimed to analyse the morphometric and gross anatomy of gonads in Day old Arabic chick. This study utilized 116 Day old Arabic chick. After necropsy, they were divided into 61 male and 55 female. The variables studies were length, width, volume, location, colour, and shape of the gonads. Data analysis used descriptive analysis and independent T test. The results showed a significant difference (P<0.01) between the right and left ovary lengths 1.67±0.08 mm and 3.69±0.05, respectively. A significant difference (P<0.01) between the width ovaries 0.64±0.03 mm (right ovary) and 1.18±0.03 mm (left ovary), respectively. It was found a significant difference (P<0.05) between the length of right and left testis 2.47±0.08 mm and 3.29±0.07mm, and between volume of testis 1.46±0.12 mm3 (right testis) and 2.03±0.13 mm3 (left testis). However, the right and left testes width was not significant (P>0.01). The testes colour was creamy white, sometimes pink, and grey to black, the colour of ovaries was creamy yellow and pink. Morphometric and gonadal morphology of Day old Arabic chick showed gonadal asymmetry, and the left side is larger than the right side.
Highlights
Arabic chicken is one of the native chickens, layer-type chicken with superior egg production [1]
In addition to having high egg production, Arabic chickens can adapt to various environmental conditions
Gross anatomy observation of the gonads showed that the shape of the ovary is irregular, and the left ovary has a more defined shape than the right ovary
Summary
Arabic chicken is one of the native chickens, layer-type chicken with superior egg production [1]. In addition to having high egg production, Arabic chickens can adapt to various environmental conditions. Hatched Arabic chickens are generally monomorphic, difficult to determine between males and females because they have almost the same phenotypic characteristics. Research has been developed about sexing Day-old-chick in Arabic chickens to distinguish sex quickly and accurately. One of the proofs is through gonad identification (postmortem) in day-old chicks because they are relatively more available than molecular sexing [4]. Because the size of the gonads of freshly hatched chickens is relatively small, it is necessary to observe their morphology to determine the testes or ovaries
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