Abstract
The high prevalence of diseases of the respiratory organs in persons resident in the Far North is known to be attributable to prolonged exposure to cold [I, 3]. However, the immediate mechanisms of cold injury to the lungs and its severity are not yet known. There have been isolated studies of the ultrastructure of the alveolar wall in animals [5, 7] exposed to below comfortable temperatures, and the ultrastructure of type II alveolocytes and surfactant during acute cooling, but no analogy can be drawn between these experiments and human residence in high latitudes.
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