Morphometric and Biochemical Evaluation of Samples of the Nigella Genotype of European-Asian Origin

Abstract

AbstractThe purpose of the research is to evaluate the seed productivity of Nigella plants, the content of fatty and essential oils, and the mineral composition of 8 genotypes from four European-Asian countries. Genotypes from Dagestan, Pakistan and Sweden - were distinguished by the highest seed productivity: 1.6–1.0 g/plant, which is 2.7–1.7 times more than the control variety Krymchanka. The seed productivity of the sample of the Nigella damascena genotype of the control variety Yalita was 1.5 times higher than the seed productivity of the sample from Belgium. The content of fatty oil in the sample of N. sativa from Dagestan exceeded the control by 17.3%. The highest content of fatty oil was noted in N.indica - 29.9%, which is 16–22% more than in N. sativa and N. damascena varieties. Nigella fatty oils also contained essential oils - 0.5% (N. sativa) and 1.2% (N. damascena). Samples of N. sativa L. from Dagestan and N. indica L. from India were identified, which can be used to carry out breeding programs and prevent element deficiency in the human body. The number of Nigella L. genotypes with a high accumulation of macro- and microelements in leaves and seeds was experimentally established: P – four and three, Mg – three and three, S – two and five, Si – three and four, Cl – two and five, Co – three and two, and Ni – two and three.KeywordsSamplesNigella L.Seed productivityFatty oilMacro- and microelements