Morphometric analysis of X-ray and CT images for evaluating osteoporosis

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a diminishing of the bone that prompts break with least compel. It influences postmenopausal ladies and elderly of both sexual orientations. Bone mineral density (BMD) is one of the parameter identified with bone quality. Double energy x-beam absorptiometry (DXA) is at present considered as the “highest quality level” for measuring BMD. Morphometric analysis of femur bone is done on both radiographic images and Computed tomography image. An aggregate number of 50 (n = 50) Indian ladies, 18 solid pre menopausal ladies (n = 18, 36.3 ± 8.7 years) and 32 post menopausal ladies (n = 32, 58 ± 9.1 years) whose age extended from 20 to 85 years were incorporated. The patients are subjected to take X-ray,CT and DXA. The outcomes gotten by DXA found that 20 and 34% of the Indian ladies were having osteoporosis and osteopenia separately. Using SPSS software, the morphometrics analysis like neck of the bone, width of the neck, thickness of shaft, width of acetabular bone is measured and in CT images using MIMICS software the Hounsfield is measured in neck of femur, trochanter head and shaft. Est volume is calculated through measured Hounsfield unit. These qualities were observed to be diminished by − 29%, − 23, − 17, − 15, and − 10% separately, when contrasting with typical Indian ladies. The obtained square of the correlation coefficients (r2) were 0.22, 0.25, 0.23, 0.41, and 0.34 respectively. In osteoporotic women, The estimated volume of femur neck were significantly reduced by 71.8% and in measured BMD DXA value is reduced by 36.7% compared with normal women. Further, osteoporotic women, the mean values of BMD-DXA as well as Est-vol.BMD of trochanter were significantly (p = 0.01) reduced by 45.7 and 80.2% respectively, when comparing to normal healthy women. The femur neck and aggregate hip BMD and Singh’s list were lesser by 41.6 and 33.7, 40% (p < 0.01) individually in osteoporotic post-menopausal ladies, contrasting with typical post-menopausal ladies. The mean estimations of range and the volume of the proximal neck were diminished − 20% and − 21% in the osteoporotic Indian ladies than in typical Indian ladies.