Abstract
Objective- The infraorbital foramen is located on the maxillary bone 1 cm under the infraorbital margin. Infra orbital nerve blocks are done in children for managing the postoperative pain which can occur after cleft lip operation and endoscopic sinus operation. Infraorbital nerve can also be damaged in cases of zygomatic complex fractures which are one of the most common facial injuries. So, this study was undertaken to analyze the anatomical variations by comparing various morphometric measurements of infraorbital foramen in dry skulls of adult South Indian population.Materials and methods- 60 dry skulls of unknown sex were used for the study. Various measurements and distance from various surgical landmarks were measured to evaluate the location of infraorbital foramen on both sides. Statistical Analysis was done for the above measurements mean and standard deviation, median, range, and mode were calculated.Results: The mean distance of infraorbital foramen from piriform aperture, lower end of alveolus of maxilla and infraorbital margin was 18.39, 27.88 and 7.09mm on the right and 17.89, 27.31 and 6.95mm on the left side. The mean vertical and horizontal diameter was 3.78 and 3.50mm on the right side and 3.48 and 3.35mm on the left side. In our study, the most common site of IOF in Indian skulls was found to be in line with the second premolar tooth (59.01%), followed by its position between the first and second premolar tooth (27.87%).Conclusion- These results will be helpful for surgeons while doing maxillofacial surgery and regional block anesthesia.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(4) 2018 p.562-566
Highlights
Infraorbital foramen (IOF) is an important anatomical landmark situated bilaterally on the anterior surface of the maxilla below the infrorbital margin and it allows the passage of infraorbital nerve and vessels
All parameters were measured in the following planes: Sagittal plane: A plane parallel to the mid-sagittal plane and passing through the center of infraorbital foramen was adopted for taking various vertical dimensions Transverse plane: A plane passing through the center of infraorbital foramen and perpendicular to the above-mentioned sagittal plane was used for measuring transverse dimensions After aligning the skull in Frankfurt horizontal plane, following parameters were measured to evaluate the location of infraorbital foramen on both sides of skull
The mode is the dimension which helps us to know the value which is found in most of the subjects of same racial group. This distance should be considered when locating the infraorbital foramen during maxillofacial surgery in South Indian Population
Summary
Infraorbital foramen (IOF) is an important anatomical landmark situated bilaterally on the anterior surface of the maxilla below the infrorbital margin and it allows the passage of infraorbital nerve and vessels. The Infra orbital nerve is a continuation of maxillary nerve. The Infra orbital nerve is a continuation of maxillary nerve. It comes out from IOF after traversing the infra orbital canal and emerges on the face.It ends by dividing into palpebral, nasal and labial branches which supply the skin over the lower eyelid, conjunctiva,lateral aspect of external surface of nose, upper lip, ala ofthe nose and the premolar teeth. Infra orbital vessels are branches of maxillary artery which supplies the areaadjoining IOF.. Infraorbital nerve block through IOF and canal is used to anesthetize the lower eyelid, upper lip, lateral nose, upper teeth and related gingivae. The infraorbital nerve block is used to accomplish regional anesthesia in the maxillo-facial region for diagnostic, surgical and other invasive procedures.. The infraorbital nerve block is used to accomplish regional anesthesia in the maxillo-facial region for diagnostic, surgical and other invasive procedures. Therapeutic infraorbital nerve blocks are used in intractable
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