Abstract
1. The characters of Thismia americana are deemed sufficiently different from those of other members of the genus to warrant the description of a new species. 2. The main subterranean structure cannot be distinguished from a root, having a similar anatomical structure, including a root cap. 3. The root shows great reduction. The xylem is represented by 3-5 central spiral elements, the phloem by 4-6 small groups of cells. A radial arrangement is suggested in the grouping. 4. The vascular cylinder of the floral axis consists of 3-6 bundles, with xylem and phloem collaterally arranged. The xylem is composed of spiral lignified vessels. No sieve plates are distinguishable in the phloem. 5. The floral axis and first root arise from the main root endogenously. Other secondary roots arise from the base of the floral axis bud. 6. The ovary is slower in development than the other floral parts. Microsporangia are well developed when ovules first appear. 7. The ovules are anatropous, and have two integuments. 8. The embryo, consisting of a few cells, is imbedded in a mass of large-celled endosperm.
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