Morphology of seeds and seedlings, and substrates in germination of Citrus limetta

Angelita Lorrayne Soares Lima Ragagnin,Simério Carlos Da Silva Cruz,Givanildo Zildo Da Silva,Danielle Fabíola Pereira Da Silva,Cláudia Dayane Marques Rodrigues,Gabriel Silva Costa,Carla Gomes Machado

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20210377

Angelita Lorrayne Soares Lima Ragagnin, Simério Carlos Da Silva Cruz + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210377

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Journal: Ciência Rural	Publication Date: Jan 1, 2022
License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Jataí

Abstract

ABSTRACT: This research studied the morphology of seeds and seedlings, in addition to obtaining information about the type and time of germination of sweet lemon seeds in five substrates (on blotting paper, between blotting paper, on washed sterilized sand, between washed sterilized sand and in paper roll). C. limetta seeds were measured, and external description was performed. Afterwards, sown in the sand and kept at 25 ºC to monitoring germination and morphological description of the resulting seedlings. A second experiment was evaluated for substrate efficiency: paper roll, on and between paper, on and between sand in the germination of C. limetta seeds. Speed index, average time and relative frequency of germination were evaluated. In addition, date of the first and last germination count was established. Treatment averages were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. C. limetta seeds are ovoid, slightly wrinkled and polyembryonic. Germination is hypogeal, cryptocotylar or phanerocotylar. The seedlings have leathery eophylls with simple leaves, elliptical shape or close to the elliptical, tending to ovate. It has a pivoting root system that is colored yellow to cream with the presence of secondary roots. The average germination time is between 18 and 22 days. The substrate indicated for seed germination is on paper.

Highlights

Citrus species are cultures of great socioeconomic importance for the country, mainly due to exportation of juice and labor employed in its production (STRUIVING et al, 2013)
In an orchard of adult plants from sexually propagated around six years of age, fruits of Citrus limetta were harvested from nine plants and in each plant five fruits were harvested in September 2019 in the city of Porto Nacional - TO and transported in Nylon bags in a non-refrigerated car to the Federal University of Jataí (UFJ) in Jataí, GO
At 30 days after sowing, the sweet lemon seedlings presented leathery eophylls with simple leaves and the presence of a citrus fragrance, common to the genus, elliptical shape or close to the elliptical, tending to ovate, this greater variation in size and leaf shape observed in polyembryonic plants

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Citrus species are cultures of great socioeconomic importance for the country, mainly due to exportation of juice and labor employed in its production (STRUIVING et al, 2013). Commonly known as sweet lemon, is native to South and Southeast Asia and cultivated in the Mediterranean basin (HASHEMI et al, 2017; SHAKOOR & NASA, 2016). This plant has as main product the fresh fruit that is used for juice. This study can differentiate species with a large number of seeds and those with high nucellar polyembryony, which are desirable for choice of rootstock (GUERRA et al, 2012) Given this importance, few studies focus on study of the germination morphology of the Citrus genus. This research evaluated the morphology of seeds and seedlings, in addition to obtaining information about germination of Citrus limetta seeds in different substrates

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION