Abstract
Analyses of meibography may help in the diagnosis, prevention, and management of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). However, there is currently a paucity of data regarding meibography analyses in the young elderly populations in the Nordic countries. In the current study, meibography of the upper and lower eyelids of 117 65-year-old residents in Oslo, Norway, who did not fulfil the diagnosis of dry eye disease (DED) were analysed. Meibomian gland (MG) dropout and tarsal areas were measured semi-automatically using ImageJ software. The relationship between morphological features of the MGs and clinical dry eye tests was examined. The median percent MG dropout was 26.1% and 40.7% in the upper and lower eyelids, respectively. There was no significant difference between males and females. None of the MG morphological parameters demonstrated significant values in discriminating abnormal dry eye symptom loads or MGD diagnosis from the normal loads. We therefore concluded that moderate MG atrophy was common among the Norwegian population of 65-year-olds without DED and showed no sexual differences. Meibography alone cannot discriminate MGD from non-MGD; thus, both morphological and functional MG tests are necessary when screening for MGD.
Highlights
IntroductionAnalyses of meibography may help in the diagnosis, prevention, and management of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)
Meibography was performed in 147 subjects, among whom 30 were diagnosed as dry eye disease (DED), based on the aforementioned criteria and were, excluded from the current study
Evaluation of Meibomian gland (MG) morphology may be helpful in assessing meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and evaluating the effect of therapeutic interventions, such as eyelid hygiene treatment and intense pulsedlight therapy [15,16]
Summary
Analyses of meibography may help in the diagnosis, prevention, and management of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Meibography of the upper and lower eyelids of 117 65-year-old residents in Oslo, Norway, who did not fulfil the diagnosis of dry eye disease (DED) were analysed. The relationship between morphological features of the MGs and clinical dry eye tests was examined. None of the MG morphological parameters demonstrated significant values in discriminating abnormal dry eye symptom loads or MGD diagnosis from the normal loads. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is defined as obstruction of the terminal duct of the MGs and/or quantitative/qualitative changes in glandular secretion [2] and is the most common cause of evaporative dry eye disease (DED) [3,4].
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