Morphology of aortic depressor nerve myelinated fibers in normotensive Wistar–Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats

Abstract

Reports on the morphology of the baroreceptor terminal of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) did not demonstrate any difference when compared to the axonal terminal of normotensive rats. Although several studies reporting baroreceptor terminal and blood vessel wall morphology have been carried out to better understand the baroreceptor function and resetting to hypertensive levels, there are no reports examining the morphology of the fibers of the aortic depressor nerve (ADN) in hypertensive models. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the morphological aspects of SHR ADN compared to Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats. Before the morphologic study, the nerves were isolated and the pressure–nerve activity curve was determined for each ADN. SHR exhibited an increase in the threshold pressure for baroreceptor activation, a rightward shift in the pressure–nerve activity curve with decreases in slope and maximum activity. Semithin (0.3 to 0.5 μm thick) sections of the proximal (close to the nodose ganglion) and distal (close to the aortic arch) segments of the ADN were analyzed by light microscopy. A morphometric study of the nerve fascicles and myelinated fibers was performed. Comparison between proximal and distal segments of the two strains revealed that the ADN of WKY rats were consistently larger. All morphometric parameters studied in myelinated fibers and their respective axons were smaller in SHR. The area of the myelin sheath was comparatively larger in WKY rats. These data show morphologic differences between the ADN of SHR and WKY rats, which may explain, at least in part, the decreased slope and maximum activity of the pressure–nerve activity curve observed with the baroreceptor resetting in SHR.