Morphology controllable synthesis of hierarchical WO3 nanostructures and C2H2 sensing properties

Abstract

In this paper, we reported the morphology controllable synthesis of hierarchical WO3 nanostructures, i.e. nanorods, nanospheres and nanoflowers, via a facile hydrothermal route. All the obtained WO3 nanostructures were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), respectively. A possible growth mechanism for the three various nanomaterials was proposed in detail. WO3 based gas sensors were fabricated with the synthesized nanomaterials and the gas sensing performances to acetylene (C2H2), one of the fault characteristic gases dissolved in power transformer oil, were systematically measured. It was found that the sensor based on nanosheet-assembled nanoflowers with largest surface (56.74 m2g−1) exhibits the highest sensing performance including gas response (32.31) and response-recovery time (12 s, 17 s) to 200 ppm C2H2. The results indicate that WO3 sensing materials could be a promising choice for synthesizing high-performance C2H2 sensors for the judgement of the early latent faults of the oil immersed transformer.