Abstract
Introduction: The shoulder joint is the most important joint in human body and limitation of this joint movements affects the quality of life. The most common problem of joint replacements is the loosening of the shoulder joint. Rotator cuff muscles, static factors of the glenohumeral ligaments, the labrum and the joint capsule play a important role in stability of the glenohumeral joint. Morphometry of the acromion process is of significant importance and is commonly involved in impingement syndrome of the shoulder joint. As during surgery on shoulder joint the variations of the acromion process must be kept in mind and shape and various distances of the acromion process might benefit the orthopaedic operations. Material and Methods: A total of 100 unpaired dry scapula were isolated from the department of Anatomy. Two groups were made according to the side of the scapula and were equally divided into 50 right and 50 left scapula each. Bones were segregated and inspected individually. The shape of the acromion process of scapulae was recorded according to the Bigliani-Morrison-April classification. Dimensions were measured, using a vernier calipers including the size of the scapula and the acromion process.
 Results: Mean length of scapula on right side was 12.98±1.00 and of left side was 13.06± 1.20 cm. Mean Width of right scapulae was 9.56± 0.66 and of left was 9.78±0.59 cm. Mean length of acromion of right and left scapulae was observed as 4.01±0.52 and 4.21±0.67 cm respectively. Mean Acromiocoracoid distance on right was observed as 3.11±0.44 cm and on left side as 3.87±0.45 cm. 48 % of the acromion process of scapulae were quadrangular, 34 % were boot shaped 8% were leaf shaped and rest 10% were other various shapes. Type I scapulae were 33%, type II as 21% and 46% were type III.
 Conclusion: Features and dimensions of acromion process are associated with the pathology of the rotator cuff also role in it plays a significant role in stability of the shoulder joint. These measurements are useful for orthopedicians while performing procedures on shoulder joint.
 Keywords: Scapula, acromion process, shoulder joint, Morphometry
Highlights
The shoulder joint is the most important joint in human body and limitation of this joint movements affects the quality of life
A good understanding of the morphometry of the scapula is necessary for designing the prosthesis as the problem is accentuated in the glenoid prosthesis fixation because of the relatively small glenoid articular surfaceii
We found that there was significant correlation between the length of the scapula and the length of the acromion process as well as between the width of scapula and the width of the acromion process (P
Summary
The shoulder joint is the most important joint in human body and limitation of this joint movements affects the quality of life. Morphometry of the acromion process is of significant importance and is commonly involved in impingement syndrome of the shoulder joint. Results: Mean length of scapula on right side was 12.98±1.00 and of left side was 13.06± 1.20 cm. Mean length of acromion of right and left scapulae was observed as 4.01±0.52 and 4.21±0.67 cm respectively. Conclusion: Features and dimensions of acromion process are associated with the pathology of the rotator cuff role in it plays a significant role in stability of the shoulder joint. These measurements are useful for orthopedicians while performing procedures on shoulder joint. A good understanding of the morphometry of the scapula is necessary for designing the prosthesis as the problem is accentuated in the glenoid prosthesis fixation because of the relatively small glenoid articular surfaceii
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