Abstract
The process of ovulation involves multiple and iterrelated genetic, biochemical, and morphological events: cessation of the proliferation of granulosa cells, resumption of oocyte meiosis, expansion of cumulus cell-oocyte complexes, digestion of the follicle wall, and extrusion of the metaphase-II oocyte. The present narrative review examines these interrelated steps in detail. The combined or isolated roles of the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are highlighted. Genes indiced by the FSH genes are relevant in the cumulus expansion, and LH-induced genes are critical for the resumption of meiosis and digestion of the follicle wall. A non-human model for follicle-wall digestion and oocyte release was provided.
Highlights
Ovulation is the term used to define the ovarian release of the female mature gamete that is ready to be fertilized
Several genes are activated in the ovarian environment, leading to enzymatic and structural transformations under the influence of gonadotropins and sex steroids that are modulated by several growth factors
The present review aims to examine the basic mechanisms of ovulation and describe the morphological and molecular events interconnected during the ovulatory process
Summary
Ovulation is the term used to define the ovarian release of the female mature gamete that is ready to be fertilized. Several genes are activated in the ovarian environment, leading to enzymatic and structural transformations under the influence of gonadotropins and sex steroids that are modulated by several growth factors. All of these events ensure that the oocyte becomes likely to be fertilized and extruded on the ovarian surface to form the corpus luteum.[1] The clinical marker of the received September 3, 2020 accepted March 19, 2021. At intervals of 24 to 38 days,[2] ovulation occurs mid-cycle, at around the 14th day In this scenario, in an orchestrated way, the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and the luteinizing hormone (LH) actively participate in the events that ensure ovulation, mostly through activation of multiple genes in theca and granulosa cells. The present review aims to examine the basic mechanisms of ovulation and describe the morphological and molecular events interconnected during the ovulatory process
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
