Abstract
As praias da enseada de Itaipu em Niteroi (RJ) vem sendo modificadas devido a rapida urbanizacao que ocorreu apos a decada de 1970 com a construcao da ponte Rio-Niteroi. As praias de Piratininga, Sossego, Camboinhas e Itaipu sao dinâmicas e importantes para a protecao do litoral, frente as ondas de tempestades que podem alcancar 3 metros na arrebentacao. O presente estudo apresenta dados de topografia praial e de condicoes de mar obtidos durante e apos a ocorrencia de ressacas entre 2013 e 2014. Os resultados ressaltam o carater altamente dinâmico das praias oceânicas de Niteroi e a vulnerabilidade destas as grandes ondas de tempestades. O comportamento distinto dessas praias e o resultado da energia diferenciada das ondas incidentes ao longo da costa. Essas praias se estreitam rapidamente em resposta a ocorrencia de ressacas, restabelecendo-se logo a seguir quando do retorno as condicoes de tempo bom. A praia de Piratininga e a mais dinâmica, tendo variado entre 34 m e 87 m de largura no inverno. Tambem e a mais urbanizada e apresenta problemas com a destruicao de estruturas de engenharia construidas praticamente dentro do pos-praia. Foi observado uma grande mobilidade de sedimentos ao longo do arco praial em resposta a acao das correntes de deriva litorânea, no caso de Piratininga e Camboinhas, e entre a parte emersa e submersa. A B S T R A C T The beaches of the Itaipu embayment in Niteroi (Rio de Janeiro) have been modified due to rapid urbanization in the 1970s after the construction of the Rio-Niteroi bridge. The beaches of Piratininga, Sossego, Camboinhas and Itaipu are dynamic and important to protect the coast against the impact of stormy waves that can reach three meters in the breaking zone. This study presents beach topography data and sea conditions data obtained during and after storm surges between 2013 and 2014. The results highlight the highly dynamic nature of the ocean beaches of Niteroi and their vulnerability to large stormy waves. The distinct behavior of these beaches is the result of the differentiated energy of the incident waves along the coast. These beaches quickly narrow in response to storm surge and they recompose immediately with the return of good weather conditions. Piratininga beach is the most dynamic, ranging between 34 and 87 meters wide in the winter. It is also the most urbanized and it has problems with the destruction of engineering structures built practically into the backshore. These beaches exhibit high mobility of sediments longitudinally in response to action of longshore currents, especially Piratininga and Camboinhas, and between the unsubmerged and the submerged portion. Keywords: beach, coastal dynamic, geomorphology, Itaipu Embayment.
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