Abstract

MnO2 nanostructures with various morphologies were synthesized by the hydrothermal method with control over the reaction temperature and dwell time. One dimensional (1D) nanoneedle structure can self-assemble to form three dimensional (3D) microspheres of MnO2 nanoneedles at 95oC by extending the dwell time from 3 hours to 15 hours. Alternatively, the 3D microspheres of nanoneedles can transform into 1D nanobelts and nanorods by increasing the reaction temperature to 120oC and 165oC, respectively, while maintaining constant dwell time of 15 hours. The supercapacitance of these nanostructures shows strong morphology dependence, and nanobelts have the highest specific capacitance of 323.7 F g-1.

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