Morphological, Physiological and Agronomic Characteristics of Cassava Superior Variety of Coastal Land

Abstract

Additional information on morphological, physiological and agronomic performance for different cassava genotypes will support decision making for genetic resource selection, cultivation techniques and development of the desired crops for water-limited conditions such as coastal or coastal land. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological, physiological and agronomic characters of eight cassava genotypes, namely Adira-1, Adira-4, Malang-4, Malang-6, UJ-3, UJ-5, Singgah and Ketan grown in the environment. dry land on coastal lands during high accumulation of root storage during mid 2018-2019. The study used a completely randomized design (RCD) with one factor and five replications. Morphological characteristics (plant height, stem diameter, number and shape of branches) were observed during growth. Physiological characters (leaf area index), chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity) were observed 180 days after planting. The agronomic characteristics associated with tuber yield were observed at harvest. The results showed that cassava in coastal land had morphological characters (stem 277.78 cm high, 3.09 cm in diameter, varied branches), physiological characters (LAI = 3.85, leaf chlorophyll content = 1.29 mg g-1 with high photosynthetic activity), agronomic character (tuber yield 11.09 t / ha, dry weight 8.65%, 0.74). There is a positive relationship between several parameters in morphological and physiological characters on the agronomic characters related to the yield of cassava. All superior cassava varieties showed better performance compared to local glutinous rice varieties. Malang-4 and Malang-6 varieties produced tuber weights with dry matter and high yield harvest index (13.65 kg / plant + 8.69% + 0.77 and 13.81 kg / plant + 8.68% + 0, 77)