Morphological Peculiarities and Level of Usage of Composite Adverbs in Tajik Literary Language Referring to the 18th Century (on the example of the historical writing entitled as “Tuhfat-ul-khoni” by Muhammadvafo Karminagi)

Abstract

The article dwells on the issue concerned with morphological peculiarities and the level of usage of composite adverbs (CAs) in Tajik literary language referring to the 18th century on the example of the historical writing entitled as “Tuhfat-ul-khoni” by Muhammadvafo Karminagi. It is underscored that CAs are more productive in terms of their use than other types of adverbs in the corpus of our study. It is worth mentioning that the level of usage of CAs denoting degree, manner, place and time is different, for example: CAs of degree – 22 times (8 %), of manner – 67 times (25 %), of place – 27 times (10 %) and of time – 150 times (57 %). In the course of exploration we noticed that CAs are created and used with simple prepositions то/to=till, up to, to; ба/ba=to; дар/dar=in, at, on as well as with the Arabic preposition фа/fa=then, like MTLL ones from nominal parts of speech and Arabic borrowed words; however, Arabic CAs are more productive than Tajik ones, including the level of usage of Arabic CAs being 42 times (70 %) and Tajik ones – 18 times (30 %). It is concluded that the adduced researches and comparisons have shown that a number of CAs can be found in the written heritage of 17th–18th centuries, and most of them are preserved and used in MTLL.