Morphological features state of the blood supply and tissue viability in femoral and tibial bones during tourniquet limb ischemia and recirculation period

Abstract

Detailed studies of histopathological changes and the state of blood supply to the tissues of the limb has not been studied yet. Application with following removing the tourniquet had not been carried out. It remains unclear topography, what are the most sensitive to ischemia parts of bone (bone and bone marrow), dynamics and pace of pathological and reparative changes.Objective: to establish experimental features of the blood supply, the viability and the possibility of tissue regeneration of the femur and tibia in the dynamics of ischemic and post-ischemic periods. Methods: we investigated the tissue of the femur and tibia in rabbits (of 76 limbs), in which created a tourniquet ischemia of the femur and tibia with varying duration (3 and 6 hours) followed by recirculation from 0.5 hours to 30 days. After sacrificing the animals ink-gelatin mass vascular injection performed with following histological analysis. Results: after the tourniquet application for 3 and 6 hours we found in the bone marrow of femoral and tibial epimetaphyses violations of the microcirculation in the sinusoids and small veins, which didn't result into ischemic necrosis. Such areas observed in the individual cases and in certain anatomical bone locations. Conclusions: in the tourniquet application on the hind limb of rabbits for 3 and 6 h,there are two different areas of circulatory disorders (compression and regional ischemia), in which tissues microcirculation and ischemic changes going off. After removing the tourniquet and blood supply recycling restoration different parts of the femur and tibia are differently sensitive to ischemia for tourniquet application for 6 hours were the primary structure of spongiosis and bone marrow of the proximal metaphyseal tibia.