Morphological examination of the isthmus of the oviduct in the cross Hysex white chicken

Abstract

The reproductive function of birds and the hatchability of eggs are one of the most important and determining factors in raising poultry, and depend on a number of not only genetic, physiological, environmental, but also morphological factors. The main goal of this article is to identify the features of the macro- and microscopic structure of the isthmus of the oviduct in a Highsex white cross chicken. The object of the study is the oviduct of a Highsex white cross chicken at the age of 180 days. For histological examination, the material was fixed in a 10% aqueous solution of neutral formaldehyde, followed by embedding in paraffin. The research materials were subjected to statistical processing using the STATISTICA 6.1 program. As a result of our research, we noted that the isthmus of the oviduct is located between the albumen section and the bird's uterus and has a small diameter, representing a narrow strip of tissue (translucent zone) with the presence of tubular glands. The mucous membrane of the isthmus is lined with multirow ciliated epithelium. Between the primary folds there are deep crypts, which with their base are embedded deep into the lamina propria; they contain many branched glands that open into ducts onto the surface of the mucous membrane. In the subepithelial layer of the lamina propria, fibers of loose connective tissue are located, tightly surrounding the branched tubular glands. The mucous membrane of the isthmus occupies 59.74% of the total thickness of the isthmus. Muscular membrane – 29.16%. While the serous membrane accounts for 11.1% of the total thickness of the isthmus wall. The mucous membrane of the isthmus, due to the active secretory function of the glands, is 2 times the thickness of the muscular layer.