Morphological, enzymatic and molecular characterization of root-knot nematodes parasitizing vegetable crops

Aline F Barros,Sarah S Costa,Vicente P Campos,Willian C Terra,Larissa N Souza,Josimar Hl Lessa

doi:10.1590/s0102-053620180408

Aline F Barros, Sarah S Costa + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-053620180408

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Journal: Horticultura Brasileira	Publication Date: Dec 1, 2018
Citations: 5	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: Universidade Federal de Lavras

Abstract

ABSTRACT Species of the genus Meloidogyne are limiting factors in vegetable crop production. Studies in Brazil about the occurrence of root-knot nematodes in areas of vegetable crop growth have been conducted without using advanced techniques. Using modern techniques, such as biochemical and molecular methods, improves the accuracy of Meloidogyne species identification. The present study characterized species of Meloidogyne in 36 samples associated with vegetable crops using isoenzyme electrophoresis, SCAR markers, and morphological markers, in addition to validating SCAR markers for accurate species identification. The species M. incognita, M. javanica, M. hapla, M. morocciensis, and M. arenaria were identified, with the first two being the most frequent. Here, the species M. arenaria parasitizing scarlet eggplant and M. morocciensis parasitizing pumpkin and cabbage are reported in Brazil for the first time. Esterase electrophoresis efficiently separated the species of Meloidogyne found in vegetable crops; however, SCAR markers were only effective for the identification of M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. hapla, since the primer pair Far/Rar yielded no amplification product to confirm the identity of M. arenaria. The species M.arenaria and M. morocciensis could not be distinguished by the female perineal patterns. Based on the present results, new primers should be designed for the identification of M. arenaria and M. morocciensis.

Highlights

Espécies do gênero Meloidogyne constituem um dos fatores limitantes à produção de olerícolas
Esterase electrophoresis efficiently separated the species of Meloidogyne found in vegetable crops; sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers were only effective for the identification of M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. hapla, since the primer pair Far/ Rar yielded no amplification product to confirm the identity of M. arenaria
Analysis of the diversity of Meloidogyne species in 36 soil samples and vegetable roots with galls collected from seven different states in Brazil yielded six different species: M. incognita, M. javanica, M. hapla, M. arenaria, and M. morocciensis (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Espécies do gênero Meloidogyne constituem um dos fatores limitantes à produção de olerícolas. Entretanto, os marcadores SCAR foram eficientes, somente, na identificação de M. incognita, M. javanica e M. hapla, no entanto, os primers Far/Rar não promoveram amplificação para confirmação da identidade de M. arenaria. There exist three techniques for Meloidogyne identification, representing the evolution of knowledge regarding this nematode species over time: perineal pattern, electrophoresis of isoenzymes, and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR). The electrophoresis of isoenzymes is more precise and permits the identification of species in a mixture and characterization of atypical populations (Carneiro et al, 2016). Identification using this technique is limited to the stage of adult females, but females are not always suitable for analysis due to the state of root degradation (Salgado et al, 2015). Only nine Meloidogyne species detected in Brazil can be identified by SCAR markers (Carneiro et al, 2016)

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