Morphological diagnostics of pathology of the thorax organs in HIV-infected patients of a phthisiopulmonology hospital.

Abstract

Background. Intravital differential diagnostics of HIV-associated of the thorax pathology is complex. Currently in the diagnostic algorithm various mini-invasive diagnostic procedures with morphological examination of biopsy material are widely used. Objective – to evaluate the effectiveness of the morphological diagnostics of the thorax diseases in HIV-infected patients. Methods. A retrospective analysis of 205 cases of a morphological study of a biopsy and surgical material from hospitalized HIV-infected patients of a phthisiopulmonological profile over a 5-year period was carried out. Comparison of the histological conclusion with the final clinical diagnosis was made. Results. Among all hospitalized HIV patients in 45,5 % of cases in the diagnostic algorithm of the thorax pathology there was a need for a morphological study. Endoscopic procedures with a biopsy were performed in 93,6 % of cases; typical surgeries – in 5,8 % of cases. In 60,0 % of cases the material was obtained in video assisted thoracoscopy. Histological examination of the lungs was carried out in 23,4 %, lymph nodes in 25,4 % and parietal pleura in 50,7 % of cases. Conclusion. In 77,1 % of cases of all histological studies the final clinical diagnosis and histological conclusion coincided. In 12,7 % of the histological examination there was a clarification of the preliminary clinical diagnosis. The effectiveness of histological diagnostics of thorax diseases in HIV-infected patients was: lung pathology – 81,3 %, lymphatic system pathology – 84,6 % and pleural pathology – 95,2 %. The overall effectiveness of histological examination of biopsy and surgical material among hospitalized HIV-infected patients was 89,8 %.