Abstract
Morphological characterization and phenological modeling were carried out on genotypes of Jatropha platyphylla collected from the states of Sinaloa and Durango, Mexico. The morphological characterization evidenced the existence of monoecious plants, finding individuals with male and female flowers in the same inflorescence. Fruit with four seeds was also found. The phenological study was divided into two phases and calculated in thermal requirement (°D): Vegetative [seedtime (0), germination (24), emergence (98), cotyledons (87), second (302) and fourth (524) true leaves, end of vegetative growth (302)] and reproductive [flowering (303), fructification (342), maturation (126), defoliation and senescence (450)]. The thermal constant (2558) was similar in all eight genotypes. The phenological stages and the accumulated degree days were adjusted with a third-degree polynomial (Stage = -0.0041x3 + 0.7446x2 - 8.6808x + 6.2448) (R2 = 0.99%) stage. The development of phenological models facilitates the prediction of the flowering date for the selection of varieties with high oil and protein content.
Highlights
The genus Jatropha comprises approximately 170 to 175 known species, of which 45 are found in Mexico [1] with 77.7% of endemism for ecosystems of low deciduous forest and xerophilous scrublands [2]
Due to the potential of J. platyphylla and with the purpose of contributing to the development of a new crop, the objectives of this research aimed at studying the phenology of the plant, morphology of the root, stem, leaves, flowers, and fruit, a phenological development model based on am
Increasing temperatures have a significant effect on crop phenology
Summary
The genus Jatropha comprises approximately 170 to 175 known species, of which 45 are found in Mexico [1] with 77.7% of endemism for ecosystems of low deciduous forest and xerophilous scrublands [2]. A wild plant of the northwestern region of Mexico, is little known and with restricted geographical distribution to the deciduous lowland forest near the Pacific coast between Sinaloa and Michoacán [3]. It is a tree or shrub from 2 to 5 m tall with an almost smooth stem; broad leaves, almost orbicular, 25 to 35 cm [4] with broadly rounded lobes [5]. The plant is known as Bonete because of the shape of the fruit [5], as well as Sangregado for staining the garments that rub against its branches in blood color [8]
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