Abstract
BackgroudTo analyze the morphological changes of the anterior alveolar bone after the retraction of incisors in premolar extraction cases and the relationship between incisor retraction and remodeling of the alveolar base represented by points A and B displacements.MethodsPre- (T0) and post-treatment (T1) lateral cephalograms of 308 subjects in the maxilla and 154 subjects in the mandible who underwent the orthodontic treatment with extraction of 2 premolars in upper or lower arches were included. Alveolar bone width and height in both the maxillary and mandible incisor area were measured at T0 and T1 respectively. By superimposing the T0 and T1 cephalometric tracings, changes of points A and B, and the movement of the incisors were also measured. Then the correlation between incisor movement and the displacements of points A and B was analyzed.ResultsThe alveolar bone width (ABW) showed a significant decrease in both maxilla and mandible (P < 0.001) except the labial side of the mandible (P > 0.05). The alveolar bone height (ABH) showed a significant increase in the labial side of maxilla and a significant decrease in the lingual side of maxilla and mandible. A strong positive correlation was verified between incisor movement and position changes of points A and B in both horizontal and vertical directions.ConclusionsAnterior alveolar bone width and height generally decreased after orthodontic treatment. Incisor retraction led to significant position changes of points A and B. The decrease of anterior alveolar bone due to significant incisor retraction should be taken into account in treatment planning.
Highlights
Tooth extraction is a common dental procedure intreating crowding and protrusion
We aimed to evaluate the changes in anterior alveolar bone width (ABW) and height (ABH) after incisor retraction and investigate the relationship between tooth movement and the position changes of points A and B
In this retrospective study, a large sample consisted of pre- and post- treatment lateral cephalograms from the existed data base was used to evaluate the change in alveolar bone morphology and investigate whether the position of points A and B would be affected by bone remodeling related to incisor retraction
Summary
Tooth extraction is a common dental procedure intreating crowding and protrusion. The extraction space is used for retraction of the anterior teeth accompanied by remodeling of the alveolar bone, aligning the dentition and reducing facial convexity [1]. The extent of tooth movement has remarkably expanded and good outcomes are achieved in cases with various complex dentomaxillofacial deformities [3, 4]. It is unclear whether alveolar bone remodeling that occurs during orthodontic treatment always follows the direction and extent of tooth movement
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