Morphological Changes in Lamellar Macular Holes According to SD-OCT Examination over a Long Observation Period.

Magdalena Kal,Monika Jasielska,Mateusz Winiarczyk,Jerzy Mackiewicz,Izabela Chojnowska-Ćwiąkała

doi:10.3390/diagnostics11071145

Magdalena Kal, Monika Jasielska + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11071145

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Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative morphological changes in lamellar macular holes (LMHs) based on SD-OCT examinations and to assess the correlations among minimal retinal thickness (MRT), reading vision (RV), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over a 36-month follow-up period. Methods: A group of 40 patients (44 eyes) with LMH was evaluated, with an average age of 69.87 (SD = 10.14). The quantitative parameters monitored in the follow-up period (at 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months) were tested for normality of distribution by Shapiro–Wilk and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests. Results: The RV and BCVA values were stable, and no significant changes were found at any of the check-ups during the 36-month follow-up period (BCVA p = 0.435 and RV p = 0.0999). The analysis of individual quantitative LMH parameters during the 36-month follow-up period did not demonstrate statistically significant differences: MRT (p = 0.461), Max RT temporal (p = 0.051), Max RT nasal (p = 0.364), inner diameter (ID) (p = 0.089), and outer diameter (OD) (p = 0.985). Conclusions: The observations at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months revealed moderate and significant correlations between RV and MRT. No significant correlation between BCVA and MRT was observed.

Highlights

The first case of a non-full-thickness macular hole was described by Donald Gass, in 1975, [1] and was related to Irvine–Gass syndrome [1,2]
This retrospective, observational study of consecutive patients diagnosed with lamellar maTchuilsarrehtorolesspaenctdivsee,eonbbsyerovnaetiroentianlasltuspdeycoiaflicsotn(Js.eMcu.)twivaespcaotniednutsctdediagatntohseedViwtrietohrelatimnaellSluarrgmeraycuDlaerpahrotlmeseannt,dMseedenicbalyUonnievreertsiintyalosfpLeuciballiins,t P(Jo.Mlan.)dw. aSsinccoenadnuOctCedTaetxtahmeiVnaittrieoonreistpianratloSfutrhgeerroyuDtienpeacrltimniecnalt,pMroecdeidcualreU, nniovaeprspitryovoaflLfruobmlina,nPeotlhaincdal. cSoinmcme aitnteOe CwTasenxeaemdienda.Itniofonrmisepdacrtonosfetnhtewroaustoinbetacinliendicafrlopmroecaecdhuprea,tineonta. pTphreosvtauldfyrowmasancoenthdiuccatlecdoamccmoirtdteinegwtaos tnheeeDdeecdl.aIrnaftoiornmoefdHcoelnssinenkti.was obtained from each patient
An reading vision (RV) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) examination; RV was checked in a sitting position with a chart at a distance of 33 cm, BCVA was checked on a logMAR ETDRS 5 × 5 chart (Sloan letters, CDHKNORSVZ) at a standard distance of 4 m and chart luminance set at 160 cd/m−2, and visual acuity was tested by subjective refraction;

Summary

Introduction

The first case of a non-full-thickness macular hole was described by Donald Gass, in 1975, [1] and was related to Irvine–Gass syndrome [1,2]. The presence of a typical ERM was questioned, with the suggestion that it should be named lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP) in cases with membrane contiguous with mid-retinal layers where the contractile component was absent [7,8,9]. All these changes in the understanding of LMHs have affected the current treatment of what was previously perceived as a homogenous disease.

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