Abstract
In this work, the electrochemical anodization process was carried out on titanium grade 2, using an electrolytic solution of 3 M and 0.15 M HCl with voltages of 11 V, 12 V and 15 V, as well as time variations in the experimental process and later an annealing process at 750 °C. According to the results obtained, the TiO2 coatings presented different morphologies on their surface, which consisted of nanopores, nanowires and clusters of oxide grains, as well as a combination of anatase and rutile crystalline phases. Band Gap variations were found to be non-significant despite changes in the morphology of the coatings at different anodization conditions, with an average value of 2.91 eV. It was observed that the anodized samples treated by the annealing process at 750 °C, thickness values up to 16 μm were obtained.
Highlights
Titanium is widely used material in the medical field and in a wide range of technological fields
The formation of nanostructures on the surface of anodized titanium was observed at a concentration of 3M at 11V in 10 min, which can be seen in Figure 2 with magnifications of 30,000 and 50,000 x
It can be seen that the anodized surface showed a certain degree of homogeneity in the growth of nanopores, this behavior is similar to that reported in the literature where they use HCl as an electrolyte solution[12]
Summary
Titanium is widely used material in the medical field and in a wide range of technological fields. Titanium has a low density and high corrosion resistance with good plasticity and mechanical properties and is characterized by its biocompatibility due to the formation of spontaneous passive layers[1]. These materials are mainly used in the aeronautical, maritime, chemical and energy industries[2]. According to the materials used for the anodizing process, it is possible to classify the electrolyte solutions into four generations that are correlated for the study of titanium anodization[5,6] For this particular study, the fourth generation was considered, in which the presence of chloride ions during the anodizing process helps the formation of nanostructures over the outside of the material, in particular, nanopores and TiO2 nanotubes[7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]
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