Morphological and pomological characterization of some genotypes Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) obtained by selection breeding

Abstract

Sumac (R. coriaria L.) is a subtropic and temperate climate plant with medicinal and aromatic properties which has a natural distribution in many regions of Anatolia. Sumac which is used as a food additive in the food industry due to the flavoring substances has been in high demand in recent years. Besides the beneficial secondary metabolites, it is used in the field of medicine and pharmacy. Sumac (R. coriaria) which grows spontaneously in the natural environment without any agricultural practices is collected by the local people in the region and supplied to the local market. Since this situation, the ideas of creating modern orchards for sumac have begun to emerge. For this reason, selection breeding studies have been planned in sumac (R. coriaria L.). This study was carried out at the East Mediterranean Transition Zone Agricultural Research Institute during 2019-2021 years. Approximately 300 different sumac genotypes were observed and botanically 92 genotypes were found positive in this study. It was determined that the wet weight values of the clusters in the examined sumac genotypes varied between 5.63-87.74 g as a result of the statistical analysis. The highest cluster weight varied between 87.74, 78.92, and 70.81 g in GN26, GN86, and GN90 genotypes respectively. The lowest cluster wet weight was found in GN28 (5.63 g) and GN41 (6.00 g) genotypes in the study. It was found in the study that the cluster powder efficiency values varied between 30.62% and 72.49% and the average cluster powder efficiency was 49.15%. It was determined that the results obtained from about 20 sumac genotypes were found to be positive in the statistical analyzes made on the characteristics examined in this study. It is aimed to use this sumac (R. coriaria L.) genotypes in the modern sumac cultivation planned for the future.