Abstract
In this study, we prepared cobalt (Co) ion-modified ZnO nanowires using hydrothermal synthesis with zinc acetate dehydrate and Co (II) acetate hydrate precursors in ethanol solutions. Their morphological and optical properties were investigated with varying Co precursor concentration. The morphological changes of the ZnO nanowires depended positively on the concentration of the Co precursor. The ZnO nanowires showed modified crystal orientations and nanostructure shapes depending on the Co concentration in the solutions. Variations in the optical properties of the Co ion-modified ZnO nanowires could be explained by the interaction of the Co ions with the band electrons, oxygen vacancies, and zinc interstitials. The overall growth and characteristics of ZnO nanowires synthesized in solutions containing low levels of Co ions were related to Co doping into the ZnO bulks. In solutions containing high levels of Co ions, these were additionally related to the Co oxide cluster.
Highlights
Many research groups have studied the wide band-gap semiconductors of zinc oxide (ZnO) doped with a transition metal such as Co, Cu, Fe, or Ni [1,2,3,4]
These results suggested that the top surfaces of vertically aligned ZnO nanowires can be either positively or negatively charged in solutions containing the Co precursor, and electrostatic interactions among these local charges cause the bending and bundling of the ZnO nanorods [22]
The peak intensity of the Eg and F2g modes originated from impurity-phase Co3 O4 increasing in the order of 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 at % Co ion-modified ZnO nanowires, these phases were not detected in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements
Summary
Many research groups have studied the wide band-gap semiconductors of zinc oxide (ZnO) doped with a transition metal such as Co, Cu, Fe, or Ni [1,2,3,4]. Observed that the addition of Co2+ within the 10 mol % range resulted in a large variation in the morphology of ZnO nanorod arrays grown by hydrothermal synthesis. Because the morphological and optical properties of Co-modified ZnO nanomaterials are important for their practical application to a photocatalyst, a detailed investigation on the influences of Co ion modification in ZnO nanowires over the range of Co solubility limit is needed. Co ion-modified ZnO nanowires were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, and their morphological, structural, and optical properties were investigated with respect to the concentration of
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