Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the morphological characteristics, nutritional composition, compare the proximal composition, mineral content and antioxidant bioactive compounds of ten popular eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) cultivars (six OP and four hybrids) in Bangladesh during the winter season of 2019-20. Considering the growth habit, plant vigour, earliness, fruit shape, fruit colour, fruit no/plant, fruit yield, pest and diseases infestation BARI Begun-6, BARI Begun- 8, BARI Begun-10, SM275, BARI Hybrid Begun-4 and Hybrid 21x11 were superior in comparison to other cultivars. BARI Begun-6 showed the highest amount of Carbohydrate (6.63) and Ca (48.33), while BARI Begun-8 was highest for crude fiber (2.48), ash (0.62), protein (1.54) and Mn (0.40). BARI Begun-10 obtained the highest content of energy (32.1), anthocyanin (78.51), P (23.45) and Zn (0.57). SM275 showed the highest concentration of ascorbic acid (15.21), Na (8.51) and Mg (24.80). In both studies the four OP cultivars viz., BARI Begun-6, BARI Begun-8, BARI Begun-10, SM275 and one hybrid viz., Hybrid 21x11 performed well with better horticultural characters along with significant amounts of human promoting health components, such as crude fibre and biologically essential minerals like K, Ca, Mg, P, Na and Fe. These cultivars can be cultivated and consumed for better human health.
Highlights
Eggplant (Solanum melongena) usually known as brinjal in south Asia, aubergine in Europe, melongene in West Indies, Guinea squash in America and patlican in Turkey
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) Begun-6 showed the highest amount of Carbohydrate (6.63) and Ca (48.33), while BARI Begun-8 was highest for crude fiber (2.48), ash (0.62), protein (1.54) and Mn (0.40)
Eggplant is ranked amongst the - top ten vegetables that provide the healthiest food with low calories and contain high phenolic contents that are helpful in radical absorbing capacity (Cao et al, 1996, Caguiat and Hautea, 2014)
Summary
Eggplant (Solanum melongena) usually known as brinjal in south Asia (especially Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh), aubergine in Europe, melongene in West Indies, Guinea squash in America and patlican in Turkey. It belongs to the family Solanacea, and is an economically important vegetable crop in the tropics and subtropics. Eggplant’s fruit is very nutritious and used for medicinal purposes due to its composition, which includes: very low in calories and contain minerals like potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron and phytochemicals that contain phenolic components (caffeine and chlorogenic acid), flavonoids, mainly nasunin (Mohamed et al, 2003; Raigon et al, 2008) as well as dietary fibre that is helpful for our health (USDA, 2014; Sanchez-Castillo et al, 1999). Eggplant is ranked amongst the - top ten vegetables that provide the healthiest food with low calories and contain high phenolic contents that are helpful in radical absorbing capacity (Cao et al, 1996, Caguiat and Hautea, 2014)
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