Abstract
A comparison is made between morphological and chemical properties of alkali and normal soil profiles in black and red soil regions of India. The results show the absence of clay accumulation, higher chloride-sulphate ratio, and nitrogen losses during alkali development in the heavy textured soils of black soil region. The alkali soils in this soil region seem to have formed due to subsurface salinity and alkalinity. The transformation of montmorillonite type of clay into chlorite type has been postulated in these soils due to the possible formation of brucite layers under alkali conditions. Alkali soil in the red soil region seems to have formed due to salt coming into the soil either from irrigation water or flood waters. These soils have a zone or layer of clay accumulation, lower chloride-sulphate ratio and some transformation of kaolinite type of clay into montmorillonite type under alkali soil development.
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