Morphological and anatomical features of winter rye leaves development

Abstract

Differences of rye varieties in the length of lamina and sheath 1 - 6 from spike of the lamina and leaf sheath, width and area of the lamina were shown. The highest values of the studied leaf parameters were peculiar to the alien varieties of winter rye. It was found that foreign varieties were characterized by a smaller proportion of the plate area of the three upper leaves and a larger proportion for the 4th and 5th leaves (in % of the total leaf plate area). A characteristic feature of the laminae of the upper two leaves of winter rye is the absence of trichomes, instead of them there are spines 12 µm long, which are located above the conductive bundles on the adaxial side of the lamina. Stomata were located on both sides of the leaf, but there were more of them on the adaxial side of the lamina, where they were arranged in one or two rows on the flanks of the conductive bundles. Strong sclerification of conductive bundles was noted. In the most developed conducting bundles, sclerenchyma fibers were observed on both sides of the leaf lamina. The presence of stomata at the leaf sheath on both adaxial and abaxial sides is revealed. It was shown that the contribution of each leaf of upper and middle phytomeres to the total leaf area of winter rye varieties under study is different, which is important to consider when assessing their importance in the photosynthetic potential of plants.