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Abstract
A study of morphological and anatomical diversity on three species of Amaranthus in the Amaranthaceae family namely; A. hybridus L., A.viridis L. and A. spinosus L. from the three senatorial district of Rivers state namely; Rivers East (upland), Rivers South East (upland) and Rivers West (coastal region) was studied to examine the diversity that exist even among similar species from different regions. Result obtained from this research showed high rate of diversity. Examination of the tran–sections of blades revealed uni–seriate epidermis, ground tissue with angular collenchyma and slender parenchyma. The vascular bundles shape had only crescent as the shape pattern. The midrib shape in cross section has three patterns in which arc, rounded and crescent bundle occurs. The examination of the petioles exhibits new and varied characters for A. viridis such as petiole shape (cross section), vascular bundles (shape, number, arrangement). While the resulted characters from the observation of the stem structure showed less variation. 52 quantitative and qualitative characters were achieved from morphological and anatomical characters and applied for construction of a dendogram using the Paleontological statistics (PAST) software which showed variation even among similar species from different senatorial district.Keywords: Amaranthus, Morphology, Anatomy, Diversity
Highlights
IntroductionAmaranthaceae family namely; A. hybridus L., A.viridis L. and A. spinosus L. from the three senatorial district of Rivers state namely; Rivers East (upland), Rivers South East (upland) and Rivers West (coastal region) was studied to examine the diversity that exist even among similar species from different regions
Amaranthaceae family namely; A. hybridus L., A.viridis L. and A. spinosus L. from the three senatorial district of Rivers state namely; Rivers East, Rivers South East and Rivers West was studied to examine the diversity that exist even among similar species from different regions
Collection and identification of plant materials: Matured plants of the three species from Amaranthus genus found in Rivers State; Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus viridis and Amaranthus hybridus were collected each from diverse ecological regions from three senatorial district of Rivers State namely; Obio/akpor local government area in Rivers east, Ahoada west local government area in Rivers west and Oyigbo local government area in Rivers south east senatorial district respectively
Summary
Amaranthaceae family namely; A. hybridus L., A.viridis L. and A. spinosus L. from the three senatorial district of Rivers state namely; Rivers East (upland), Rivers South East (upland) and Rivers West (coastal region) was studied to examine the diversity that exist even among similar species from different regions. The examination of the petioles exhibits new and varied characters for A. viridis such as petiole shape (cross section), vascular bundles (shape, number, arrangement). Amaranthus, jointly recognized as amaranth, is a diverse genus of annual or short-cycled crops. Members have an anomalous secondary growth wood of the perennial stem, normal secondary growth is observed only in the sub-family Poly–cnemoideae leaves can be alternate, opposite, simple or entire, sometimes monoecious while at times dioecious ((Stevens, 2001). Their major regions of distributions are Africa, Australia, China, Italy, Greece, India, Nepal and America (Stallknecht and SchulzSchaeffer, 1993). The objective of this paper is to present the detailed morphological and anatomical characters that will be used to show the rate of diversity among selected species of Amaranthus from Rivers state
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