Morphologic and functional outcomes of different optical coherence tomography patterns of myopic foveoschisis after vitrectomy and inner limiting membrane peeling.

Abstract

To evaluate the morphologic and functional outcomes of different optical coherence tomography (OCT) patterns of myopic foveoschisis after vitrectomy with Inner Limiting Membrane (ILM) peeling. In this prospective non-randomised study, 62 consecutive eyes with Myopic Foveoschisis were categorised into three groups according to OCT pattern: retinoschisis type (Rt) Group (23/62), foveal detachment type (FDt) Group (20/62) and macular hole type (MHt) Group (19/62). All patients underwent 25-Gauge vitrectomy and ILM peeling. Air or gas tamponade was used. All patients were observed at month 1, 2, 4 and 6 after surgery. surgical success as resolution of myopic foveoschisis, central retinal thickness (CRT), IS/OS junction recovery and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurement. Any complication was reported. In all eyes OCT showed a resolution of the retinoschisis, foveal detachment and macular hole pattern, respectively. CRT significantly decreased in all Groups (p < .001), mainly in MHt. IS/OS junction recovery was mainly observed in MHt. BCVA significantly increased in all Groups (p < .01). A functional gain ≥2 Snellen lines occurred in 70, 85 and 68% in the Rt, FDt and MHt Group, respectively. Final BCVA was correlated with preoperative BCVA (R 0.74, p < 0.0001), postoperative CRT (R -0.49, p < 0.0001), and the recovery of IS/OS junction at 6 months (R 0.76, p < 0.0001). Few postoperative complications occurred. Vitrectomy with ILM peeling results in favourable anatomic and functional outcomes for different patterns of myopic foveoschisis.