Morphogenesis of potato plants in vitro. II. Endogenous levels, distribution, and metabolism of IAA and cytokinins

Abstract

The levels of endogenous IAA and cytokinins (zeatin, zeatin riboside, isopentenyladenine, and isopentenyladenosine) were determined in potato plants cultured in vitro under red light (R) and blue light (B) on medium with or without hormones. On medium without hormones in B, plants contained much higher cytokinin levels, particularly in leaves and roots, and also slightly elevated IAA levels. Kinetin in the medium in B changed the distribution of cytokinins and significantly increased IAA level in roots. In R, the presence of kinetin led to an increased cytokinin level in the whole plant, while the IAA level was slightly lower. IAA in the medium in B decreased cytokinin level in all plant parts, while the IAA level did not change significantly. In R, the presence of IAA in the medium led to a moderate increase of CK level and to a significant increase in IAA level, especially in roots. Uptake of 1-14C-IAA and of 3H-zeatin was generally higher in B than in R. Higher percentage of IAA taken up in B was converted to conjugates in the roots. Metabolism of 3H-zeatin was similar in R and B with only slight differences in metabolite amounts. Thus, in all experimental situations in which tuber formation was stimulated, IAA level in roots and stolons rose significantly, stressing the importance of an IAA gradient for tuber formation.