Morphogenesis of Mammary Glands in Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

Amit Challana,Neelam Bansal,Varinder Uppal,Anuradha Gupta

doi:10.1155/2014/687936

Amit Challana, Neelam Bansal + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/687936

Copy DOI

Abstract

The present research was elucidated on the morphogenesis of mammary gland of buffalo during prenatal development. Total of 16 foetuses ranging from 1.2 cm (34 days) to 108 cm CVRL (curved crown rump length) (317 days) were used for study. The study revealed that mammary line was first observed at 1.2 cm CVRL (34 days), mammary hillock at 1.7 cm (37 days), and mammary bud at 2.6 cm CVRL (41 days) foetuses. Epidermal cone was found at 6.7 cm CVRL (58 days) whereas primary and secondary ducts were observed at 7.4 cm CVRL (62 days) and 15 cm CVRL (96 days), respectively. Connective tissue whorls were reported at 18.2 cm CVRL (110 days) and internal elastic lamina and muscle layers at 24.1 cm CVRL (129 days). Lobules were observed at 29.3 cm CVRL (140 days), rosette of furstenberg at 39.5 cm CVRL (163 days), and keratin plug at 45.5 cm CVRL (176 days) foetus. Primordia of sweat and sebaceous glands around hair follicle were seen at 21.2 cm CVRL (122 days) of foetal life. Differentiation of all the skin layers along with cornification was observed at 69 cm (229 days) in group III foetuses.

Highlights

The latest trend in search of food leads to tremendous scope of livestock industry to develop breeds having more milk yield [1]
The cells differentiated to develop into the functional mammary gland occurred during the early foetal life
The mesenchymal cells surrounding the mammary bud apparently proliferated to form the ventral projection of mammary tissue which developed to epidermal cone at 6.7 cm CVRL (58 days) in the inguinal region of buffalo foetus (Figure 4)

Summary

Introduction

The latest trend in search of food leads to tremendous scope of livestock industry to develop breeds having more milk yield [1]. The profit of livestock industry is directly related to maximum milk production from animals [1]. India’s status as the largest milk producing country in the world is attributed to its large bovine population comprising of 210.2 million cattle and 111.3 million buffaloes. Buffalo milk production in India is 62.4 million tonnes which is about 67.40% of total world (92.51 million tonnes) (FAOSTAT, 2010). In India, buffaloes are preferred over cattle as a dairy animal and are eulogized as “the black gold of India” because of high milk fat content which fetches higher market price [5]

Methods

Results

Conclusion