Abstract
Callus was initiated from hypocotyl and cotyledon explants of seven of commercial Kazakh cotton cultivars on MS medium supplemented with 0,1 mg L-1 2,4-D and 0,5 mg L-1 kinetin. The percentage of callus formation ranged from 64,0 to 91,0% for cotyledons and from 72 to 90% for hypocotyls. Study of morphological heterogeneity peculiarities of metamorphosis and histological structure of calli of cotton allowed to identifying seven tissues types and selecting the morphologically stable and perspective callus type for embryogenesis. Significant differences between the calli types of cotton were found by histological and morphological comparative analysis.
Highlights
IntroductionMorphogenesis in plant cell and tissue culture can occur through somatic embryogenesis or organogenesis (formation of roots and shoots) (Vasil, 1987)
Morphogenesis in plant cell and tissue culture can occur through somatic embryogenesis or organogenesis (Vasil, 1987)
Coker 310 (Gossypium hirsutum L.) via somatic embryogenesis was reported by Davidonis and Hamilton (1983)
Summary
Morphogenesis in plant cell and tissue culture can occur through somatic embryogenesis or organogenesis (formation of roots and shoots) (Vasil, 1987). Somatic embryogenesis is the main method of micropropagation of plants in vitro. Cotton is one of the most recalcitrant species to obtain somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration though embryogenic calli, compared with many other crops (Sakhanokho et al, 2004; Ghasemi et al, 2007; 2011). The first report on inducing somatic embryogenesis in cotton (Gossypium koltzchianum) was described by Price and Smith (1979). Successful plant regeneration from undifferentiated callus of cotton cv. Coker 310 (Gossypium hirsutum L.) via somatic embryogenesis was reported by Davidonis and Hamilton (1983). Regenerated plants of cotton have been obtained from several varieties such as T25, GSA 78 and Acala with low plant regeneration capacity (Rajasekaran et al, 2004)
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