Abstract
To date, the state of the local immune system of the human prostate gland is not sufficiently studied, which prevents in-depth study of sexual disorders and infertility in men, as well as its common diseases: hypertrophy, adenoma, cancer. In order to study the morphological state of the lymphoid apparatus of the prostate of rats on the background of immunostimulation, 60 rat prostate glands were studied by histological, morphometric and statistical methods. Using the methods of variation statistics, we assessed the correctness of the distribution of signs for each of the obtained variation series, the average values for each attribute that was studied, standard errors and standard deviations. The reliability of differences in values between independent micrometric values with a normal distribution of signs was determined by the Student’s criterion. The paper describes the patterns of formation of the local immune system of the prostate gland in the experiment after the introduction of immunoglobulin in adult male rats Wistar line. It was revealed that in rats after administration of immunoglobulin, the formation of lymphoid structures was observed three days earlier than in intact and control rats. First appear lymphoid formations in the stroma of the prostate gland, in the blood vessels – perivascular lymphoid nodules. By the end of the first week, lymphoid structures are formed in the glandular epithelium of the prostate gland – lymphoepithelial nodules. In lymphoid structures, the content of lymphocytes in all periods exceeds the benchmarks with the maximum changes on day 7 of the study. Reactive changes in the capillary endothelium in close relationship with the restructuring of lymphoid nodules during antigenic stimulation indicate that they are redundant in providing immune homeostasis. Thus, against the background of immunostimulation, changes occur in the local immune system of the prostate gland, manifested in an increase in the number of immunocompetent cells, the formation of lymphoid nodules, and are accompanied by corresponding changes in the hemomicrocirculatory bed.
Highlights
Functional and morphological features of the human prostate gland are an important problem in connection with the spread of its diseases, in the pathogenesis of which there are violations of specific and nonspecific mechanisms of protection [1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 26]
The parenchyma of the organ consists of the alveolar-tubular glands, the epithelium of which is represented by secretory and basal cells
Discussion we assume that the revealed topographic proximity of lymphoid formations with glands at the level of excretory ducts is due to the protective role of lymphocytes in cases of antigens penetration at this site, and close microtopographic relations with the terminal divisions provides one of the mechanisms of immune responses products of immune responses, which are included in the secretion of the glands, which has been proven in several works [14, 15, 16, 18]
Summary
Functional and morphological features of the human prostate gland are an important problem in connection with the spread of its diseases, in the pathogenesis of which there are violations of specific and nonspecific mechanisms of protection [1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 26]. Lack of knowledge about the morphofunctional changes of the prostate gland and virtually no studies aimed at studying the morphological substrate of local nonspecific immune responses, prevents in-depth study of sexual disorders and infertility in men, as well as its common diseases: hypertrophy, adenomas, cancer [13, 17, 25, 29]. We took for a purpose to investigate the morphological condition of the rat prostate lymphoid apparatus on the background of immunostimulation Existing data do not allow us to formulate the general patterns of prostate morphogenesis and to determine the role of its lymphoid formations in the formation of nonspecific and specific mechanisms of protection in the norm and pathology [2, 3, 5, 9, 10, 11, 12].
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