Abstract
In the early 80-ies of the last century, there was a sharp decline in the population of the Caspian beluga in Russia. Its fishing was prohibited, except for catching for reproduction and scientific purposes. In the practice of sturgeon breeding, the method of repeated use of sturgeon females and males by obtaining sexual products in vivo, as well as growing breeders in artificial conditions, has become widely put into practice. Against the background of an acute shortage of wild breeders of this sturgeon species, in recent years, the main way to form sturgeon broodstock in the conditions of the Lower Volga region is domestication. However, in recent years, the catches of wild beluga females in the fishing areas of the Lower Volga are estimated as single specimens. The article studies the fish-breeding, biological and physiological parameters of domesticated and aquaculture-bred beluga females. The reproductive function of domesticated and artificially raised beluga females is evaluated. Some proposals for the intensification and priority areas of artificial reproduction in order to replenish natural populations are presented.
Highlights
The Caspian Sea is one of the unique internal reservoirs of the planet with an amazing variety of species composition of ichthyofauna and other representatives of the animal world
In recent years, the catches of wild beluga females in the fishing areas of the Lower Volga are estimated as single specimens
We studied the fish-breeding, biological and physiological parameters of the first matured beluga females raised in aquaculture, against the background of the annual dynamics of the natural temperature of the aquatic environment at the Sergievsky sturgeon hatcheries (SH)
Summary
The Caspian Sea is one of the unique internal reservoirs of the planet with an amazing variety of species composition of ichthyofauna and other representatives of the animal world. If earlier the state of the unique stocks of these fish species was influenced by such factors as the regulation of spawning rivers, the decline in the level and pollution of the Caspian Sea, at the end of the last and at the beginning of this century, the dominant factor was an unprecedented outbreak of poaching in the sea and on the ways of spawning migrations. The question of forming productive stocks of endangered species in artificial conditions arose [8]. This direction in sturgeon breeding, primarily in sturgeon hatcheries (SH), is still sluggish in nature and is carried out without proper scientific support. This study is devoted to a comparative assessment of fish-breeding biological and morphophysiological indicators of breeders of domesticated beluga forms, as well as those grown in artificial conditions
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