Abstract
The morphometric characteristics in children of early age with thymomegalia were studied. In this case was found the increase of the area of lobule of thymus due to the predominance of the cerebral cortex and a significant increase in the ratio of thymocytes / epithelial reticular cells because of the increase of the absolute number of thymocytes. The differences in area and diameter of the Hassall’s corpuscles in the two compared groups were not revealed, however, was found a slight tendency to the decrease of these indicators in case of hyperplasia of thymus gland. These changes indicate the Morphofunctional inferiority of the thymus among children of early age with thymomegalia.
Highlights
The thymus gland is one of the central organs of the immune and endocrine system, responsible for the differentiation of T-lymphocytes
The latter often remains unsatisfactory, as a result of which children with an enlarged thymus gland typically have a severe course of a number of infectious processes, especially meningococcal infection (MI), and frequent recurrent respiratory diseases [6, 10]
Much more informative for establishing the nature and mechanism of the immune defect is a direct study of the hyperplastic thymus, such studies are still very few in number, and the conclusions drawn on their basis
Summary
The thymus gland (thymus) is one of the central organs of the immune and endocrine system, responsible for the differentiation of T-lymphocytes. Children with impaired thymus function have an immunological, predominantly T-cell defect, and both decrease and hyperplasia of the thymus can be observed, which is an attempt to compensate for the impaired immune function [4, 5]. The latter often remains unsatisfactory, as a result of which children with an enlarged thymus gland typically have a severe course of a number of infectious processes, especially meningococcal infection (MI), and frequent recurrent respiratory diseases [6, 10]. Along with adrenal insufficiency, underlies most cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), for which significant thymomegalia is extremely typical [7, 12]. Much more informative for establishing the nature and mechanism of the immune defect is a direct study of the hyperplastic thymus, such studies are still very few in number, and the conclusions drawn on their basis
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