Morphobiological and Qualitative Features of Chickpeas in Rainfed Farming Conditions of Mountainous Shirvan

Abstract

The article presents 63 chickpea varieties introduced from 5 nurseries of ICARDA, where the yield, structural elements of production, grain quality and surface temperature in rainfed farming conditions were evaluated and compared with the Sultan variety taken as a standard. The research was carried out at the Gobustan Regional Experimental Station of the Research Institute of Agriculture under rainfed farming conditions of Mountainous Shirvan in 2017-2018. The difference between the surface temperature and the air temperature varied in different varieties and depended on the biological features of the variety. Surface temperature in chickpea varieties from nurseries varied in the range of 20.1-23.1°C in the noon hours, and in the noon — in the range of 21.7-23.7°C. The difference between the temperature of the vegetation cover and the air temperature in the daytime decreased and varied in the range of 8.1-10.7°C. This difference in comparison with the morning hours was 0.5-0.9°C. The temperature regime in the daytime of the studied varieties F.97.706, ILC 487, F.07-100, F.07-292, and F.09-210 was better regulated under drought conditions. In chickpea varieties selected for economically important traits, taken from various international nurseries, yield indicators were 265-385 g/m2. The average yield values of these variety accessions were above the standard and this difference was 50 g/m. Here, the maximum yields were obtained in accessions F.09-304 (380 g/m2) and F.09-294 (385 g/m2). The yield of protein per hectare varied in the range of 7.38-10.4 cwt/ha, the highest rates were obtained in varieties with a total growing season of 207 days — F.09-304 (9.88 cwt/ha) from the CIEN nursery — W, F.07-292 (9.01 cwt/ha) from the CIEN-DT nursery and F.09-294 (10.4 cwt/ha) from the CIABN nursery.