Abstract
In the present study, an organophosphorus compound Coroban (active ingredient chlorpyrifos - E.C. 20%) was used. In short-term exposure the fish were subjected to 0.8 of 96h LC50 value of chlorpyrifos (1.76 mg L -1 ) for 96h. In long-term exposure the experiment was performed for 28 days by using 0.2 of 96h LC50 value of chlorpyrifos (0.44 mg L -1 ). Fish were killed on each time intervals from control and experimental (chlorpyrifos) groups after 24, 48, 72, and 96h in short-term exposure and after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days in long-term experiment. Blood samples were collected and sera were analyzed for calcium. Pituitary glands were fixed for histological studies and stained with Herlant tetrachrome and Heidenhain's azan techniques. Short-term exposure of chlorpyrifos caused decrease in the serum calcium levels. No change was noticed in the prolactin cells of chlorpyrifos treated fish. Long-term treatment with chlorpyrifos provoked hypocalcemia. The prolactin cells of treated fish exhibited slight degranulation after 21 days whereas the nuclear volume remained unchanged. After 28 days, the prolactin cells exhibited further degranulation and the nuclear volume recorded an increase. Cytolysis and vacuolization were also visible.
Highlights
Pesticides are being used by the human beings for their benefits - control of insect vectors of diseases and increased yield of many crops
The serum calcium levels of H. fossils exhibit a decline after 24h following exposure to chlorpyrifos
The serum calcium levels of chronically-exposed fish exhibit a decrease on day 7
Summary
Pesticides are being used by the human beings for their benefits - control of insect vectors of diseases and increased yield of many crops. The use of pesticides has caused severe environmental and health hazards to organisms including human beings (ABDOLLAHI et al, 2004; TUZMEN et al, 2008). Persistence of organochlorine pesticides in the environment resulted in the search for less persistent pesticide - the organophosphorus (OP) compounds. The first OP compounds developed were tepp and parathion, followed by malathion
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