Abstract
Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses which severely affect the production of crops across the world. Twenty rice genotypes of diverse origins were assessed to examine salt tolerance potentiality at seedling stage as well as to elucidate the genetic variation using SSR markers. Consequently, IRRI standard protocol was applied to screen out those varieties for tolerance at the glasshouse laboratory of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, maintaining salt stress level at 6dS m-1, 8dS m-1, 10dS m-1 and 12 dS m-1. Data on morphological parameter were recorded as shoot length (cm), root length (cm) and total dry matter (TDM). For molecular characterization thirteen SSR markers were exploited to determine the genetic diversity and in this context, 53alleles were revealed while the mean number of alleles per locus was 4.The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) value ranged from 0.37- 0.78 having an average of 0.58. The Un-weighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) displayed three major clusters including some sub-clusters, where in Cluster 1, Binadhan- 8, Binadhan-10, Pokkali and FL478 were very close in their vicinity. Information obtained from this experiment, thus can be taken into account for stress breeding program and prospective genetic materials could be utilized for exploring the genetic architecture in favor of salt tolerance as well as for developing better salt tolerant rice varieties in near future.
 SAARC J. Agri., 18(2): 1-15 (2020)
Highlights
Rice (O. sativa) is the staple food of an estimated 3.5 billion people throughout the world
The effects of salinity on different parameters like morphological, physiological and biochemical traits have been studied in rice which showed reduced tillering, the genetics of salt tolerance is useful for the researchers to develop salt tolerant varieties, there are some problems those are required to be assessed
The findings in this study that the rice roots and shoots exhibited a significant reduction in their length, fresh weight and dry weight were consistent with Amirjani (2010) who reported that salt stress level decreased as the salt concentration increased in rice
Summary
Rice (O. sativa) is the staple food of an estimated 3.5 billion people throughout the world. Salinity is one of the major hindrances to increase rice production worldwide. Bangladesh has a considerable amount of coastal areas that are affected to salinity and occupies 30 % of net cultivable land (Mamun et al, 2019). Coastal land of Bangladeshis affected by varying degrees of salinity. About 1.02 million hectares in the coastal areas (out of 1.459 million hectares of cultivated land in the country) are affected by various degrees of salinity. About 0.087 million ha of coastal land is affected by very strong salinity (>16.0 dS m-1). In dry season soil and river water salinity increase, while during the monsoon season, it goes down. The effects of salinity on different parameters like morphological, physiological and biochemical traits have been studied in rice which showed reduced tillering, the genetics of salt tolerance is useful for the researchers to develop salt tolerant varieties, there are some problems those are required to be assessed. The main reason is that salinity is not uniformly distributed throughout a given area and it is difficult to recognize tolerant variety added that there are some variations which are found among species and some among cultivars within species (Arzani, 2008; Ashraf and Foolad, 2013)
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