Abstract
The objective of this study was to morpho-anatomically characterize nodular embryogenic calluses from zygotic embryos of peach palm during the induction of somatic embryogenesis. Immature zygotic embryos were pre-treated in MS medium added to Picloram and 2,4-D (25 µM) and BAP (0, 5, 10 µM). After three months, primary calluses were transferred to MS induction medium added to Picloram and 2,4-D (450 µM). After six months, the embryogenic calluses were then histologically analyzed and cultivated in the maturation medium. The competent tissues of the zygotic embryos differentiated embryogenic calluses under action of both Picloram and 2,4-D auxins (450 µM), where the presence of multi-granular structures were observed. Histological observations showed that in the nodular embryogenic calluses, the outlying parenchymal cells exhibit cellular characteristics of high mitotic activity. Differentiation of tracheal elements exists in embryogenic calluses connecting the callus to the explant. The evaluated cytokinin/auxin interaction influences the development of embryogenic calluses and globular structures.
Highlights
The Peach palm is an Arecaceae that is suitable for the production of fruits and heart of palm
The objective of this work was to evaluate, morpho-anatomically, nodular embryogenic calluses originating from zygotic embryos of peach palm during the induction of somatic embryogenesis
After 104 days of pre-treatment, the primary calluses formed were transferred to the MS induction medium, supplemented with Picloram and 2,4-D, both at a concentration of 450 μM, according to the results obtained for peach palm production by Steinmacher et al (2007)
Summary
The Peach palm is an Arecaceae that is suitable for the production of fruits and heart of palm. According to Clement and Santos (2002), the peach palm was domesticated so that its fruit could be used in the indigenous economy, in the forms of flour, a fermented drink and boiled fruit. Agronomy both urban and rural, it is used as boiled fruit. Peach palm has been the object of intense research in various parts of tropical America (CLEMENT; URPÍ, 1987), mainly due to its characteristics of early appearance, rusticity, high productivity and tillering. Seedlings for commercial planting are normally produced from seeds, and because it is an allogamous plant, the production of seedlings from
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