Abstract
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is of great importance to the food and nutritional security of many populations, and exploitation of the crop's genetic diversity is essential for the success of breeding programs. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of 215 common bean accessions, which included cultivars, obsolete cultivars, improved lines, and landraces using morpho-agronomic and biochemical traits, and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers (AFLP). Genetic parameters, box plots, Pearson's correlation analysis, and Ward's hierarchical clustering were used to analyze the data. The Jaccard similarity coefficient and neighbour-joining clustering method were used for molecular analysis. A wide variability among the accessions was observed for morpho-agronomic and biochemical traits. Selective accuracy (Ac) and broad-sense heritability (h2) values were high to intermediate for all traits, except seed yield. Ward's hierarchical clustering analysis generated six groups. AFLP analysis also revealed significant differences among the accessions. There was no correlation between the differences based on genetic markers and those based on morpho-agronomic and biochemical data, which indicates that both datasets are important for elucidating the differences among accessions. The results of the present study indicate great genetic diversity among the evaluated accessions.
Highlights
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Fabaceae) is one of the world’s most important legume crops and is a valuable source of dietary protein, fiber, minerals, and vitamins worldwide [1]
No correlations were observed between any of the morpho-agronomic traits and YLD, and the greatest correlations among the morpho-agronomic traits were between STL × IFP, STL × nodes on main stem (NN), STL × PL, STL × weight of 100 seeds (W100), NN × PL, PL × seeds per pod (SP), and PL × W100
Wide variability was observed among the Mesoamerican Panel of Bean Diversity (MPBD) accessions for all morphoagronomic and biochemical traits (Fig 3)
Summary
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Fabaceae) is one of the world’s most important legume crops and is a valuable source of dietary protein, fiber (soluble and insoluble), minerals (calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, and copper), and vitamins (especially B-complex vitamins) worldwide [1]. The species contains a large amount of genetic variation, and two main gene pools (Andean and Mesoamerican) are generally recognized, based on their domestication [2,3]. Mesoamerican cultivars are characterized by small (40 g per 100) and "T", "C", "H", or "A" phaseolin. Genetic diversity in the Brazilian Mesoamerican common bean panel
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