Abstract
Homomorphisms� and� isomorphisms� between� the� groups �of��� magic� squares ��and� real�� numbers� �are� discussed� in� this� paper.
Highlights
A magic square is a square array of numbers
If the sum is a constant for the elements of rows and columns alone, that square is called a semi magic square
2.4: We use (i) R to denote the set of all real numbers. (ii) SM to denote the set of all nth order semi magic squares. (iii) Sa to denote the set of all nth order semi magic squares of the form [aij], aij =
Summary
Copyright c 2014 K. S. Sreeranjini and V. Madhukar Mallayya. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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