Morningness–eveningness—An overview

Abstract

Individual differences in sleep and sleep timing (chronotype/morningness–eveningness) have received much attention during the last two decades. Important aspects of morningness–eveningness are age and gender as well as environmental variables such as latitude and timing of sunrise. This overview considers parts of the biological basis, that determines chronotype and views biological and social and environmental factors together as having an important influence on the circadian typology. In the second part of the talk, correlates of monringness–eveningness with personality traits as well as with health-related variables are presented, such as worse school achievement, and less healthier lifestyle.