Abstract
ABSTRACT Plants from the genus ipomoea are among the most important weeds in Brazil. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of different densities of 2 species of Ipomoea (I. grandifolia and I. purpurea) under different environments (counties of Pato Branco and Renascenca, Parana state, Brazil) on soybean biometric variables, yield components and crop yield loss. Field experiments in 2 distinct places were conducted in a randomized block design, where 1 factor consisted of 8 plant densities (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15 and 20 plants∙m−2), whereas the other factor consisted of the 2 Ipomoea species. Joint analysis of the data was performed considering the factors environment, Ipomoea densities and species. The impact of one Ipomoea plant∙m−2 was very high, reaching 26%, on average, of species and environments. The maximum soybean yield loss experienced with the Ipomoea density of 20 plants∙m−2 was close to 80%. The impact of Ipomoea density was more important than the species and environment. This result highlights the importance of correct management of plants of these weed species in soybean crop.
Highlights
Weeds are among the worst limiting factors of the crop yield potential and can decrease 34% of the grain production of several crops, contrasted with 18 and 16% yield loss caused by pests and diseases, respectively (Oerke 2006)
There is no specific research investigating the competitive ability of the species I. grandifolia and I. purpurea within the soybean crop
The objective of this study was to determine the impact of different densities of two species of Ipomoea (I. grandifolia and I. purpurea) and different environments on soybean biometric variables, yield components and crop yield loss
Summary
Weeds are among the worst limiting factors of the crop yield potential and can decrease 34% of the grain production of several crops, contrasted with 18 and 16% yield loss caused by pests and diseases, respectively (Oerke 2006). Ipomoea plants have a voluble growth habit with flexible and robust stems, which allows them to climb the crop plants, decreasing the availability of light and reducing the mechanical harvest efficiency. The impact of Ipomoea lacunosa plants on soybean grain yields may reach 80% (Norsworthy and Oliver 2002). The species I. purpurea and I. grandifolia infest large crop areas in Brazil on many crop species. They are considered some of the most important species in soybean. It is believed that the morphological differences between species can directly influence the competitive ability of plants, providing distinct damage on the development of soybean. There is no specific research investigating the competitive ability of the species I. grandifolia and I. purpurea within the soybean crop
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