Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder – Silver Nanoparticles (MOLP-AgNPs) efficiently inhibit metastasis and proliferative signaling in HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer which caused large number of deaths worldwide. It has been widely known that its undergoing therapies were related to cell metastasis and drug resistance. In line with the endeavor to reduce the side effects of those therapies, bio-fabricated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which are synthesized using plant extracts, are massively explored due to their potential as anticancer agents. Specific analytical techniques were used to characterize the AgNPs, such as UV–visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis), Particle sizer (PSA), Zeta potential, FT-IR and TEM. HT-29 cells were treated at different single-dose concentrations and combined treatment using Doxorubicin as a well-established cancer drug. Based on the MTT assay result, Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder – Silver Nanoparticles (MOLP-AgNPs) induced significant dose-dependent results according to decreased HT-29 cell viability and proliferation. MOLP-AgNPs reduced cell cycle and proliferation-related genes, such as Ki-67, Wnt, β-catenin, and Cyclin D1 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, MOLP-AgNPs also reduced the expression of metastasis-related genes, such as TGF-β and Snail, known as metastasis inducers. These findings suggest that MOLP-AgNPs could be considered a potential strategy for colon cancer treatment.