More evidence for hidden spiral and bar features in bright early-type dwarf galaxies

Abstract

Following the discovery of spiral structure in IC 3328 (Jerjen et al. 2000), we present further evidence that a sizable fraction of bright dwarfs in the Virgo cluster are genuine disk galaxies, or are hosting a disk component. Among a sample of 23 nucleated dwarf ellipticals and dS0s observed with the Very Large Telescope in B and R, we found another four systems exhibiting non-axisymmetric structures, such as a bar and/or spiral arms, indicative of a disk (IC 0783, IC 3349, NGC 4431, IC 3468). Particularly remarkable are the two-armed spiral pattern in IC 0783 and the bar and trailing arms in NGC 4431. For both galaxies the disk nature has recently been confirmed by a rotation velocity measurement (Simien & Prugniel 2002). Our photometric search is based on a Fourier decomposition method and a specific version of unsharp masking. Some early-type dwarfs in the Virgo cluster seem to be former late-type galaxies which were transformed to morphology, e.g. by harassment, during their infall to the cluster, while maintaining part of their disk structure.