Abstract

Paleontology Partial specimens of the extinct, nonmarine turtle Stupendemys geographicus have given paleontologists some indication of its truly massive size, but the biology and systematics of this species remained unclear. Cadena et al. found remains in La Tatacoa Desert in Colombia that set a size record for the largest known complete turtle shell—2.40 meters from neck to tail—and represent the first lower-jaw specimens from the Urumaco region since 1994. These data support the interpretation that there was only one giant erymnochelyin taxon that exhibited sexual dimorphism, with horns in males and hornless females. With this new information, researchers can construct a more complete picture of the predation, diet, geography, and ecology of this species. Sci. Adv. 10.1126/sciadv.aay4593 (2020).

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