Abstract
Currently it is not known whether morningness-eveningness preference in non-night shift working population is associated with systemic inflammation. This study investigated the relationship between morningness-eveningness and systemic inflammation, as measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in 163 non-night shift working patients with abnormal glucose tolerance (86 type 2 diabetes and 77 prediabetes). Morningness-eveningness was assessed by Composite Scale of Morningness, and participants were screened for Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Sleep duration, efficiency, and variability were obtained using actigraphy, and depressive symptoms and dietary patterns were also captured. Participants’ mean age was 54.7 ± 10.4 years and median hs-CRP was 1.39 (interquartile range 0.82, 3.33) mg/L. More evening preference was significantly associated with higher natural log transformed (ln) hs-CRP (B = −0.051, p = 0.001). Diabetes status, glycemic control, OSA severity, sleep duration, caloric consumption and timing were not related to hs-CRP. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, depressive symptoms, sleep efficiency, sleep variability, percentage of daily caloric intake from protein, and statin use, more evening preference was independently associated with higher ln hs-CRP (B = −0.032, p = 0.014). In summary, in non-night shift working patients with abnormal glucose tolerance, more evening preference was independently associated with higher systemic inflammation. This finding underscore the importance of circadian regulation on cardiovascular health.
Highlights
The circadian system is known to play a crucial role in hormonal regulation and energy metabolism[1]
No studies have explored whether more evening preference is associated with increased systemic inflammation in non-night shift workers, especially in people with abnormal glucose tolerance who are at high risk of developing cardiovascular events
In a restricted analysis of either patients with prediabetes or diabetes, we found that in those with prediabetes, more evening preference was significantly associated with higher ln high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (B = −0.034, p = 0.033) (Table 4)
Summary
The circadian system is known to play a crucial role in hormonal regulation and energy metabolism[1]. Matching social schedules to the person’s chronotype could have an important metabolic impact as it was found that later chronotypes had the lower diabetes risk if their schedules included night shifts, compared to if they only worked daytime schedules[17] Despite these data, no studies have explored whether more evening preference is associated with increased systemic inflammation in non-night shift workers, especially in people with abnormal glucose tolerance who are at high risk of developing cardiovascular events. No studies have explored whether more evening preference is associated with increased systemic inflammation in non-night shift workers, especially in people with abnormal glucose tolerance who are at high risk of developing cardiovascular events If proven, this could be one of the mechanisms linking more evening preference to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We hypothesized that more evening preference, as assessed by the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM), was independently associated with higher systemic inflammation in this patient group
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