Morbidity indicators and dissemination and modern attitudes on disease prevention

Abstract

Annonanion. The purpose of the work is to determine and analyze the incidence and prevalence of diseases in the population of Ukraine in comparison with the EU countries, to analyze the determinants of health and to develop prevention measures for this problem. The materials of the study were statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine for 1995–2018, Forms №18 of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine “Report on the control of environmental factors affecting public health” for 2008–2016. The work used content analysis of domestic and foreign scientific sources, bibliosemantic, analytical and statistical research methods. It is established that for the period from 1995 to 2017, the incidence rates of the population of Ukraine decreased by 18.2% and prevalence by 12.0%. The first place is occupied by diseases of the circulatory system — 52.1% and 50.2%; second place — respiratory diseases, this figure is constant and is 8.1%; third place belongs to diseases of the digestive system — 9.4% and 10.1%, respectively, in 2010 and 2017. The epidemic of tuberculosis in Ukraine was recognized by the WHO from 1995 to 2005 (21.5/39.5 thousand 1995/2005 diagnosis established for the first time). The growth rate was +32.9% (1995/2005), then it gradually decreased and in 2018 the growth rate was 28.5% (1995/2018). According to statistics, annually 170 thousand people are diagnosed with cancer, up to 90 thousand patients die from this disease, 35-37% of whom are people of working age. Thus, in Ukraine, diseases of the circulatory system, malignant neoplasms, injuries and poisonings are in the lead in the structure of causes of death; in the structure of morbidity — respiratory diseases, circulatory diseases; cause concern about HIV and tuberculosis, as well as the prevalence of mental disorders of organic origin and bad habits. We consider it necessary to take measures to improve the state of health care in the framework of the issues raised by modernization and staffing of health care facilities in Ukraine with modern equipment with improved material and technical base and increased funding; introduction of a single electronic system for the exchange of medical information; timely and regular preventive examinations of the population; the use of various forms of educating the population on the formation of a healthy lifestyle in the absence of television advertising that carries harmful information.